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Mikhail "Misha" Arkadyevich Shifman ((ロシア語:Михаи́л Арка́дьевич Ши́фман); born 4 April 1949) is a theoretical physicist (high energy physics), formerly at Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Ida Cohen Fine Professor of Theoretical Physics, William I. Fine Theoretical Physics Institute, University of Minnesota. ==Important discoveries== He is known for a number of basic contributions to Quantum Chromodynamics, the theory of strong interactions, and to understanding of supersymmetric gauge dynamics. The most important results due to M. Shifman are diverse and include (i) the discovery of the penguin mechanism in the flavor-changing weak decays (1974);〔 〕 (ii) introduction of the gluon condensate and development of the SVZ sum rules relating properties of the low-lying hadronic states to the vacuum condensates (1979); (iii) introduction of the invisible axion (1980) (iv) first exact results in supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories (NSVZ beta function, gluino condensate,1983–1988);〔 〕 (v) heavy quark theory based on the operator product expansion (1985–1995);〔 〕 (vi) critical domain walls (D-brane analogs) in super-Yang-Mills (1996);〔 〕 (vii) non-perturbative (exact) planar equivalence between super-Yang-Mills and orientifold non-supersymmetric theories (2003); (viii) non-Abelian flux tubes and confined monopoles (2004).〔 〕 His paper with A. Vainshtein and Zakharov on the SVZ sum rules〔 is among the all-time top cited papers in high-energy physics. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mikhail Shifman」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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